Silicon steel is a kind of soft magnetic material, which is mainly used to manufacture iron cores of motors and transformers. The performance requirements of silicon steel mainly include iron loss, magnetic induction, magnetic anisotropy, magnetic aging, brittleness, etc.; the smelting process of silicon steel is more than other The steel grade is more complex, requiring precise process technology in all links such as refining, converter, RH vacuum, and continuous casting.

　　Silicon steel is a kind of soft magnetic material. The silicon content is in the range of 1.0% to 4.5%. It is mainly used to manufacture iron cores in motors and transformers, ballasts in fluorescent lamps, magnetic switches and relays, magnetic shields and magnets in high-energy accelerators. Wait. The performance of silicon steel has the following requirements:

　　(1) Low iron loss. Because high iron loss will increase power loss, the main effect of adding silicon to steel is to reduce iron loss; reducing sulfur content is beneficial to reducing iron loss; appropriately increasing phosphorus content in steel is beneficial to reducing iron loss.

　　(2) High magnetic induction intensity. The high magnetic induction can reduce the core excitation current (no-load current), reduce the copper loss and core loss caused by the wire resistance, and save energy.

　　(3) Requirements for magnetic anisotropy. The motor works in the running state and requires the silicon steel to be magnetically isotropic and is made of non-oriented silicon steel; the transformer works in a static state and is made of cold-rolled oriented silicon steel.

　　(4) The magnetic aging is small. The phenomenon that the magnetism of the iron core changes with the use time is magnetic aging. Magnetic aging is mainly caused by fine carbides and nitrides precipitated by supersaturated carbon and nitrogen in steel. Therefore, the carbon content in high-quality non-oriented silicon steel should be less than 0.0035%, and the nitrogen content should be less than 0.005%.

　　(5) The brittleness is small. The silicon steel sheet must be stamped and formed when the iron core is made, and the punching performance is better; if the steel is brittle, it will reduce the yield and affect the life of the die. Sulfur is not only harmful to magnetism, but also makes steel hot and brittle, which should be reduced as much as possible.

　　In addition, the surface of the silicon steel sheet should be smooth and flat, the thickness uniformity should be small, and the insulating film should be good.

　　The smelting process must adapt to the requirements of different grades of silicon steel, and the non-oriented silicon steel requires ultra-low carbon, low sulfur and low nitrogen content. In general, the main points of silicon steel smelting are as follows: